Refrigerant Regulations Are Changing—Here’s What You Need to Know (and Why It Can Get Costly)

If you’ve ever received an HVAC estimate and wondered why the cost of refrigerant seems so high—or why certain systems are being phased out—you’re not alone. Refrigerants are one of the most misunderstood (and expensive) aspects of heating and cooling systems today.

This article breaks down what refrigerants are, why their prices keep climbing, what laws are driving these changes, and how it all affects you as a homeowner, property manager, or building owner.

What Is Refrigerant and Why Does It Matter?

Refrigerant is the chemical compound that allows your air conditioner or heat pump to cool or heat your space. It works by circulating through coils and changing between liquid and gas, absorbing heat indoors and releasing it outside (or vice versa).

Without refrigerant, your HVAC system doesn’t work. Simple as that.

Why Are Some Refrigerants Being Phased Out?

Older refrigerants—like R-22 (Freon) and certain types of R-410A—are being phased out by the EPA due to their environmental impact. These compounds have been linked to ozone depletion and global warming, and regulators are pushing the industry toward more eco-friendly alternatives.

This shift is part of a broader movement under the American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act, which mandates a gradual HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) phase down over the next decade.

That means older systems using banned or restricted refrigerants are becoming more expensive to maintain—and eventually, impossible to repair legally.

Why Is Refrigerant So Expensive?

Several reasons:

• Regulatory supply cuts have decreased availability of certain refrigerants like R-22 and soon, R-410A.

• High demand and limited stock of phased-out refrigerants create a seller’s market.

• Strict handling requirements (EPA Section 608 certification) make it illegal for just anyone to service or refill refrigerant.

• Fines for non-compliance can reach tens of thousands of dollars.

As a result, you might see prices upwards of $100–$250 per pound for outdated refrigerants—sometimes more depending on availability.

 

What This Means for Your HVAC System

If your system runs on a phased-out or restricted refrigerant:

• Repairs involving refrigerant will get increasingly expensive.

• You may eventually be forced to replace the entire system due to lack of legal access to the refrigerant.

• Retrofitting is sometimes an option—but not always, and not cheap.

  
  

Newer systems use low-GWP (global warming potential) refrigerants such as R-32 or R-454B, which are safer for the environment and more cost-stable.

How to Stay Ahead and Save Money

1. Know your system type – Check if your current HVAC uses R-22 or R-410A.

2. Schedule proactive maintenance – Prevent leaks before they require costly refrigerant replacement.

3. Consider upgrading early – New systems are more energy-efficient and use future-proof refrigerants.

4. Ask about rebates – Local utility programs and federal incentives may cover part of your upgrade cost.

At Dezier Air, we help clients evaluate whether it’s worth repairing an older system or investing in a modern, compliant setup—and we make sure you’re covered with the proper refrigerant handling and warranty registration.